Disk plow



' June 27, 1950 o. w. OERMAN 2,512,962

DISK PLOW Filed Nov. 1, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG.4.

INVENTOR. OREY W. OERMAN TO RNEYS June 27, 1950 o. w. OERMAN 2,512,962

DISK PLOW Filed Nbv. 1, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. OREY W. OERMAN June 27, 1950 O. W. OERMAN DISK PLOW s Shee ts-Sheet 3 Filed NOV. 1, 194,4

, INVENTOR. OREY w. OERMAN ATTORNEYS 'invwhich the principles of the have been incorporated. a

ing in'detail certain features means for the rearaxle.

Patented June 27, 1950 :FUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE) I DISK PLOW Orey W. Oerman, Moline, 111., assignor'to Deere & Company, Moline, 111., a corporation of Illinois - :Application November 1, 1944, Serial No. 561,432

5 Claims. (01. 97-102) The present invention relates generallyto agricultural. implements and more particularly to implements in thenature of disk vplows.

, ,The obiect and general nature .of the present invention is the provision of. a new rear end con- .struction'for disk plowshan d similar implements especially adapted for, simplicity and ease of construction a ui 'operation, particularly in the, mat- ..ter, of adjusting the plow. for di-fierent depths of operationand for raising and lowering the plow "into, and out vof its transport position. Specifi- .cal1y,; one feature .of'the present invention is the provision of a new and improved rear end construction in Whichthe rear furrow wheel is parfurrow wheel to substantially zero when the plow is raised into its transport position. Further, it

.is a feature of this inventionalso to, provide a particular kind of rear furrow Wheel so constructed and arranged as. to.have a longer life and to biteinto the furrow bottom to a greater degree so as toutilize to best advantage the angular lead of the rear furrow wheel in operation so-as to keep the rear end of the plow from swinging around landwardly out of the proper angular position.

, These and other objectsand advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in'the artafter agoonsideration of the following description, takenin conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings in which the'preferred forms -of the present; invention have been illustrated.

Inthe drawings: H

Figure 1 is a; plan view-showing a disk plow present invention Figure 2 is a perspectiveview showing certain detailsof the rear end construction. 1 t

Figure 3 Ban enlarged fragmentary side view of the rear endof the plow shown in Figure 1 taken. from the right side and with the rear furrow, wheel removed and other parts broken away,

the transport position of the rear furrow wheel crank axle being shown in dotted lines, and showof the adjusting Figure 4 is a fragmentary view, similar to Figure 1, showing the position of the rear end parts of the plow when the latter is in an operating position. 5

along theline -99 of Figure 3, showing the adjustable furrowfwheel axle. I

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view-illustrating how the lead angle is reduced to zero when the plow is raised to its transport position.,.- I

Referring now to. the drawings, thereference numeral I indicates the frame of a disk plow in which the principles of the present invention have beenillustrated. The frame [includes a pair of angles 2 connected together in back- 'to-back relation with a plurality of disk standards 3 clamped therebetween, the lower ends of the disk standardshaving disks 4 rotatablethereon. The frame. I also includes a laterally outwardly directed frame bar section 6 at the front end of the angles 2 and, in addition, acasting 1 in which the. verticalportion 8 of a Wheel spin- .dleis shiftable, the arrangement being similar ,to that shown, in U. S. Patent 2,243,989 issued -June,3, 1941, to Carl G. Strandlund and U. S.

Patent 1,627,902, issued May 10, 1927, to John V. Holstein. .The present invention is .not particularly concerned with the front furrow, wheel mounting and, therefore a brief description will suflicer The lower end of the wheel spindle receivesa front 1 furrow wheel II and has a forwardly extending arm I2 connected by a link l 3 to a hitch bar. I4 that is pivotally connected, as at 15, to the front end of a draft bar I1. The

latter issupported in a bracket l8 bolted tothe Figure 5 is a sectional view taken generally 55 lateralIyouter end of-the frame section 6 and ,at its rear-end to the rear portion of the main frame angles 2 A bell crank 23 is pivotally mounted on the casting 1 or a part adjacent thereto and is connected byan adjustable link 24 to the upper end .of the wheel spindle section 8 whereby rocking movement ofv the bell crank 23 raises or lowers the front endof the frame relative. tothe. front wheel spindle. The connecting link 24 is adjustable by means ,ofa crank screw 25. :An arm 21 on a part, .such as a shaft 28, connected to or forming thepart of the bell .crank 23, extends upwardly andhas connected thereto a generally-longitudinally extending link .member 3| which at its rear end'is pivotally con- .nected'to the upperend of an arm 32 that is secured, as by welding, to the furrowward end of a land Wheel crank axle 33. The latter is swingably connected with the rear end of the frame bars 2 by arear frame section indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral 35 and which comprises a plate 31adjustab1y bolted to the rear ends of the angles 2 and to which a pair of frame angles 38 and 39 are secured, as by welding. .The rear portions of the angles 38 and ing section 45 which carries a land wheel 46 ani 107 33, may be adjusted by turning the crank 75 in a land wheel driven self-interrupting clutch unit 41. The latter unit includes a swingable arm c482" which is connected by a link 49 to a pivot bolt 5| carried by a bracket 52::that is fixedjpermanently, as by welding or the like, to the left -'rear frame angle 38. The clutch mechanism 41 is controlled by a trip lever 53 and-wheneverwthe one direction or the other. For example, when the farmer desires to plow somewhat deeper, he turns the crank screw in a direction to raise the rear furrow wheel 66 slightly above the level of the disks, thus adding more weight to the rear of theframeand,causingthedisksto penetrate to a greaterstdegree; Alsojthe raislngrof the rear furrow wheel 66 also increases the depth of plowing since, in any given position, the wheel 66 limits the downward movement of the plow.

Referring now particularly to Figures 1 and 2,

. it..will be observed that" the wheel receiving seclatter is actuated the crank arm 48 issrotatedm.

by the rotation of the land Wheel 46 "through approximately a halfrevolution. Since the upper end of' the link 49" is-"connectedto' the bracket 52 fixed to the frame,rthe swinging'of thercrankarm 48 as just mentioned," causes" the 'crank=ax1e' 33 to swing; carrying "with it the "'arm' 32"Which,

through the longitudinally extending," link- 3 l raises and lowers the: front *end 7 of the frame relative'to' the frontwheelspindl'e't.

The front endsof'therearframe' angles 38"and 39ar'econnecte'd together by'a'cross bar 6 I; and 7 engaged with the lattenmemberis 'afrotatable Sleeve 131carriedjin' a .trunniommember' '14" "and actuat'e'dloy 'anadjusting'cranklli. The trim-- nion l4iis pivoted,fas at :16,"to the upper :ends of a pair of arms 1.1 whichare fixed to the furrow ward end of the landwheel' crank axle. 3 3', prefer-'- ably adjacent, or actual'lysecured; as by welding, to the arm-32 "and the crank 'axle'33. Thus; the arms .1 I; being secured together,"and-"als'oto "the arm 32,? constitute with'tlie latter'partsa single swingablei' member operated by the swinging movement of the 'land wheel 'crank" axle 33'; An assisting spring '18 is anchored in its-rearend to aulug 319 welded to-th inside 'arm-"lT-andfat its forward end is connected to a lug 8ll"bolted.to"one oflth'e main frame angles, as best shown 'in"Fig-:- ure 2,,to' raid in raising the plo'w;

It will be noted :that" through the link-491*and the self-Jinterrupti'ng clu'tc'h unit-11, the crank axle 33. adapted to be swung;between two= predeterminedlpositions relative to the frame, "there being no adjustmentfor'either of t'liesepositions, and"it'. will i also be "noted that by virtue'of "this predetermined amount of "swingingpf the land wheel crank axle 33ithe 'frontyandrear' fu'rrow wheel's Ii and .66'n1'ay'be raised and=lowered by power: derived from. theforward'tracti'onpf: the outfit. Since the land wheel46 is disposed well to one side ofv "the "disksi 4"andthe" front and-rear furrow wheels .are disposedpra'ctically'in line with th'ejdisks 4 ,rit'fwillfbe"seen that the-raising and lowering of L' the frame relative; "to' the furrow wheels raises. and lowers the disks between' their operatingjand transportpositions: The" position of "the .ire'a'rifurrow'fwheelrelative to theother wheels, and also "rela'tive to' one =off the prede t'erminedpositions of the "landwheel crankfixle tionzlifidiof thezrear furrow wheel crank axle 64 "is so angledthat-swhen the parts are in their operating position (Figures 2 and 4) the plane of the-wheel -intersects the ground along the line L (Figure 2) that angles outwardly with respect to the direction of forward advance line L (Figure 2). This angle is indicated in Figure 2 at A and is referred .to as-anangle' of lead, since" the function 'of' disposing the rear furrow wheeli-in'this manner, leading'offtothe' furrowward' sideof the plow, isto' ofiset the tendency'for the rear end oftheplow to, swing around to the left-and-forward',"due to thecurvature of the disks. The angle of lead which is'built into the plow is such as to positively "hold the rear end of the-"plow against ."such lateral" displacement, and accordingtoithe present invention this is done not only by'providing't'he amount of leadabove referred to, but also by "providinga'special wheel "construction in which'the' radial flange of the wheel is so constructed andarranged'as'to bite into'the soil with. a-positiveaction; thus making the abovementioned lead actually "effective for the purpose fonwhi'chitisusedz' Further, the section 66a of the crank axle 64 issoshaped, as best shown'in Figures, 3'and' 61' that when" the 'plow'-is raised (Figure 1).tl'ieamount-of lead is reduced to-zero andthe line'L coincide's with the line 13 Further; the, rear furrowwheel 66 is swungfo'rward 1y :while the l'andwheel -=46"-is swung rearwardly, the parts being .so "constructedthat when -the 'plow'is' in 'its transportpositi'on' thewheels lli and '66- are, "substantially1'opposite"one-another. Since now'thelines .along' which the planes of the rear l'and'and furrow'wheelsintersect the gr'ound are parallel to' each other and tdthe dine of forward advance, the plow trails for transport without tending to swing to one side orthe other.

As mentioned above; in orden to' make the-lead angle A '(Figure 2) eifectivewhen in"operation; it is" necessary thatthe rear -furrow'*whee1 -"66 be provided with a *fiange that actually cuts" into the'fu'rrow bottom a distance" sufficient: togive the wheel a purchase on the ground'so as tohold the reariend of the disk from-swinging around to the left and fo'rwardlysi The preferred'i wheel construction for this purpose is shown" and claimedin *my divisional applio"ation, serial No. 638,023, filed December29i 19451 Brie'fi'w-the rear wheel construction -sliown -in'-Fig'-'ure =2 includes a wheel receiving "section 6511; fo'rm'ed on or carried bythe rear furrowwheel crank axle fii The main body or web of=-tl'ie=wheel' *'6 is secured to the flange l 02' of the hub lay-pores; l"0-3 '"or"the like, and "the earth'-engag-ing flange "of jthe *wheel' is made up of segmental plahar plates-- 1 ll'l wvhich are clamped to the main bodt or-web of' thewheel by means that includes aplate clainping conical rim section I IOu The latter hasa pluralityzof ape'r'ti-ir'ed inwardly extending lugs =1l I 3, and-zsbolts H4 are passed through the openings-*in'the lugs 11f,- th'e' plates" l 01 and tlie peripheral portion of the wheel "body; so that .whenthebolts-are tightene'd th'e Segmental plates I01 are-clamped rigidly and firmly between the rim member: -'I;I0 and'the' outer. portion of the main web 'of'the wheel'body. I I I 1 s The! operation of the present invention is substantially as'followsz- 1 When opening up the land, the operator turns the front and rear crank adjusting screws 25 and so as to raise the furrow wheels a distance substantially equal'to the depth-of furrowdesired. Generally,- however, the front adjusting'screw. -is'not turned enough to raisefithe front furrow wheel as'far as therear furrow wheel. This is to prevent the front disks from cutting in too much and tendingto cause the rear end of the plow to swing around to the left, After the first round has been completed, the-front and rear furrow .wheels are readjusted to bring them substantially to the level of the lower edges of-the disks. The land wheelAB is not adjusted,.,but at the end of the field the plow may readily be raised by operating the clutch trip lever 53 which'causes the land wheel crank axle to be swung through 'a predetermined angle-which, at the same time, a'ctstorais'ethe front and rear ends of the-plow frame with respect to the front and rear furrow wheels; 'If' at any time. during operation, the operator'desires to increase the. depth of plowing,

"usually all that it is necessary to do is to turn the rear crank screw 15in a direction to raise the rear furrow wheel 66 slightly above the-furrow bottom. This has the effect of increasing the Fde'p'th' of operation of the rear disks, but generally the'ifarmeridoes not desire to have the front disks tendency for the rear end vof the plowtojswing' around toward the landward side. After the first time around with the readjusted depth of operation completed, the rear furrow wheel 66 is then readjusted to a position on the level with the lower edges of the disks.

When in operating position the wheel 56, with its extended planar flange cuts into the bottom of the furrow a sufficient depth to insure that the angle of lead offsets any tendency for the rear end of the plow to swing around to the left. When the plow is raised into its transport position, the rear crank axle 68a is so formed that the lead of the rear furrow wheel is reduced to zero, bringing the tracks of the wheels 46 and 66 into parallelism. This steadies the plow and prevents whipping and lateral displacement when traveling during transport.

Under certain conditions, such as when the ground is fairly hard, there is a tendency for the rear end of the plow to swing too far over to the landward side so that the rear land wheel 46 is not disposed directly in the line of travel. Under other conditions, such as when the ground is quite soft, the tendency is for the rear end of the plow to swing too far to the right so that, again, the land wheel 46 may not trail properly. In order to provide for a measure of adjustment, I mount the furrow wheel crank axle 64 in the brackets 62, and I also connect the lower end of the adjusting screw II, in a manner to provide for shifting the furrow wheel axle 64 either inwardly or outwardly relative to the frame. To this end, I provide the furrow wheel crank axle with a pair of clamp collars I3I and I32 and I form the bracket 61 with an elongated pin I33 6' disposedibetween fairIy widely spaced sections .I-34 ofthe' bracket'GL: The. lower end oftheadjusting' screw .II isxdisposedin an-adjustingcollar I35-which is provided with an extension I31 that embra'cesthe lower; end of'the screw II.-,'The clamp collar I35 is provided with a set screw I38 or -:the like which-the collar I35 may be fixed in different positions along the pin I33. The collars I3 I and I32 may be loosened and the axle 64 shifted laterally to different positions, depend- 'ing, on whetherit is desired to have the furrow wheel 56 disposed tov ride, firmly against the furrow 'wal1, .;aswould be desirable where the ground isf-hard, or to ride-farther out forwardly, as would be desirable when the ground is soft. By shifting the clamp-collar l35 to differentposi- I :tions, vcorrespondingto the adjustment of; the

fcrankaxle 64 just;mentioned,=the proper position 'of the link -II relativeito the otherparts of; the ,adjusting m'echanism-is maintained. I 'wWhile I have shown-and described above the preferredt'structure, in which the principles of the present invention have been incorporatedit iSfitO. be understood that my invention is not to be ,limitedqto the particular details shown and described above, but that,,in fact, widely different -means maybe employed in the practice of the broader aspects of my invention. I I

What -I- claim, therefore, ..and desire itoysecure .by Letters Patent iS'I I -21. In a disk plowhaving. front and'rearv furrow wheels, a: land wheel, and frame means," with respect to which said front furrow wheelis'adjustable, a rear endv construction comprising a rear end frame section, a land wheel crank axle swingablyconnected with the rear portion of said frame section and carrying said land wheel 'at-::Lone .side' of-said frame section, a rearfurrow wheel .J'crank axlesw'ingably connected with the. front. section .ofs'saidiframe" section, a pair of arms fixed to said land Wheel crank axle. ad-

jacent one another at the furrowward side of the plow, one of said arms being substantially over the rear portion of said rear furrow wheel crank axle, means connected with the other of said arms for shifting said plow frame relative to said front furrow wheel, and an adjustable connection between said one arm and said rear portion of the rear furrow wheel crank axle.

2. In a disk plow, a rear end structure comprising means serving as a support, a pair of laterally spaced brackets carried thereby, a crank axle swingably mounted in said brackets, means for adjustably holding said crank axle against lateral displacement relative to said support, means for raising and lowering said crank axle and including a member adapted to act against said crank axle at a point spaced from its axis of swinging in said brackets, and means including a part connected to said crank axle and having two laterally spaced sections, either adapted .to operatively receive said member, for adjustably connecting the latter with the crank axle so as to change the point of connection between said member and said crank axle when the latter is adjusted relative to said brackets.

3. In a disk plow, a rear end structure comprising means serving as a support, a furrow wheel crank axle swingably connected with said support, a land wheel crank axle swingably connected with said support, wheels mounted on said crank axles, said land wheel crank axle having a wheel-receiving section extending substantially parallel to and normally disposed forward of the axis of swinging of said land wheel axle and arripheral fiange-sufiiciently narrow..to.-.cut: into the furrow bottom alongrwhichv it passes, said fur:-

row-='whee1 crank 1 axle: having a wheel-receiving section normally disposed rearwardly of the axis of swinging of said furrow wheelcrankaxle and means to raise said: support by. swinging the wheel-receiving sections of said crank axles toward; 'one another into positions in which said wheels are disposed substantiallyopposite one another, said furrow wheel crankaxle havingits wheel-receivingsection disposed at'such an angle that when the plow' -is in a lowered position :said "wheel receiving section liessubstantially in a vertical plane that 'extendslaterally outwardly and rearwardly wherebythe turrow wheel is disposed 50* that the planeof the peripheral flange thereof intersects the ground with a lead toward the previously formed furrow," the angle of said wheel-receiving section being such that, when the crank axles are swung substantially into said positions, in whi'chsaid wheels-are disposed'opposite'one another; the vertical plane passing through the wheel receiving sections of said furrow wheel crankaxle is substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel and generally parallel to the axis of swinging of said land wheel crank axle, whereby said lead is reduced to zero {30 when:thefurrow"wheelicomes into a position opposite' -the land wheelythe plane of said. flange theniinter'secting the ground alonga line parallel tothe-plane' of said lan'd'wheel:

4. 'In*'a plow .orrthe like, a 'frame, a shiftable front' wheeL'aila'nd wheel crank-axle swingably connected with said frame and having at-one side of saidrframe'a'rcranked end 'anda land'wheel rotatable thereon, 'a pair of arms'atthe otherside of-said eframe'fixedztozthe otherren'd of said crank axle, a "rear furrow wheel crank axle swingably connected iwitlnr'said frameeandyhavingiat said other-a side: :Of said .iframaza :cranked 'iaxle -andzi a reanzwheel: thereon; a first cconnectionznbetween one .of said arms and 'said'shiftabletfront wheel, 6 and a second connection between theuothers'of said arms and .s'aiderearlfurrowwheelizcrankzaxle. 5. The invention set forthsintclaim 4,:further characterized by 'saidsecond mentionedarm comprisingia, paii:f; laterally spacedtarm sections, 10 Iandsaid second connection: comprising 3 3, :trunnionearried bysaidrspacedrapart' arm sections, andradjustment means extended ."between said trunnion: and: said rear .furrow= wheel-* crank axle for adjusting thepositionoff'the latter: relative 315 #to" said land wheel crankiaxle; Y

1 OREY W. GERMAN:

REFERENCES CITED:

The following references are of record -inthe "file of this patentz UNITED. STATES. PATENTS Number: Name Date.

69.2;805- Waterman; Feb; 4,- 1902 1,099,337 Buchanan June:.9,=:1914 1,130,732 Hirshheimer;- Man-.19, 1915 '1-,2,07,443- Smith; Dec.- 5,: 1916 1,234,761v Heylmanc- July 31, 1917 1,275,209 Bohmkeretzal; Aug'.-13, 1918 1,349,028 Waterman Aug: 10,1920 1,377,064 Gallagher: ...May:3, 1921 1,500,046 Howard .Aug: ,5; 1924 1,823,969- Davis.-;- .Sept. 22; 1931 1,885,9552 Silver ,Nov 1,1932 35 1-. 1;892;7513 Strandlunda Jan; :3, 1933 2,243,989 Strandlund,= JunevS, 1941 2,380,323 Morkoski .1. July 10, 1945 r 40 ,N umber Country Date,

" 112,245- Australia- ,Dec-. 30,1940 

